Track 9: Reproductive Toxicology
Reproductive toxicology is one of the most important branches of toxicology which deals with the effect of the toxins and the chemical substances on the reproductive system both male and female. The developmental toxicology occurs during the prenatal development before the conception. Reproductive toxicity is a hazard related with some chemical substances, that they will affect in some way with usual reproduction; such materials are called nephrotoxic. It comprises adverse properties on sexual role and fertility in mature males and women, as well as developmental toxicity in the offspring. Though, many constituents which are toxic for reproduction do not fall into any of these groups: lead compounds, for sample, are careful to be toxic for reproduction assumed their opposing effects on the normal intelligent and psychomotor growth of human babies and children.
Track 10: Abortion and Women's Health
Abortion is removing an embryo or fetus from the uterus before it can survive outside the uterus, which ends the pregnancy. An abortion which is intentional is called as induced abortion and which occurs spontaneously is called as Miscarriage. Induced abortion has negative impact on the women’s health. Due to the induced abortion women faces problems like lower fertility, more vulnerable to Sexual Transmitted Diseases, breast Cancer and mental health. Unsafe abortion sometimes results in death and serious complications.
Track 11: Menstrual Cycle
The menstrual cycle is the regular natural change that occurs in the female reproductive system (specifically the uterus and ovaries) that makes pregnancy possible. The cycle is required for the production of oocytes, and for the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy. Up to 80% of women report having some symptoms during the one to two weeks prior to menstruation.
The menstrual cycle is governed by hormonal changes. These changes can be altered by using hormonal birth control to prevent pregnancy. Each cycle can be divided into three phases based on events in the ovary (ovarian cycle) or in the uterus (uterine cycle). The ovarian cycle consists of the follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase whereas the uterine cycle is divided into menstruation, proliferative phase, and secretory phase.
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